[215], In 1789, the mutiny on the Bounty against William Bligh led to several of the mutineers escaping the Royal Navy and settling on Pitcairn Islands, which later became a British colony. James, R.E., 1947. She excluded Hawaii from her definition, but not Easter Island. Judaism, Sikhism and Jainism are also present. The population of Oceania ranges between 2.8 and 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometer. "[91] It added there was controversy over the exact limits of Oceania, saying that, "scarcely any two geographers appear to be quite agreed upon the subject". These regions are usually considered to be part of Maritime Southeast Asia. The number of its inhabitants is approximately 34,300,000(according to the 2010 census), a figure that is increasing due to the substantial difference in the birth rate (21%) and death rate (9%). [267], Native to Hawaii is the Hawaiian crow, which has been extinct in the wild since 2002. In addition, the series of sovereign island nations fringing Asia (Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, East Malaysia, the Republic of Indonesia) are not ordinarily considered to be part of the area. [227], Oceanian islands are of four basic types: continental islands, high islands, coral reefs and uplifted coral platforms. "[99] Scottish academic John Merry Ross in 1879 considered Polynesia to cover the entire South and Central Pacific area, not just islands ethnographically within Polynesia. [67] These tropical islands are situated within the bounds of the Australian Plate and have been geographically associated with Southeast Asia, due to their proximity to western Indonesia. [442] Australia's team the Wallabies have also managed to win the World Cup twice, despite Rugby union being less popular among Australians. The rock art of Aboriginal Australians is the longest continuously practiced artistic tradition in the world. [139] In the 2006 book Extinction and Biogeography of Tropical Pacific Birds, American paleontologist David Steadman wrote, "no place on earth is as perplexing as the 25,000 islands that make Oceania." The Magellan-Elcano expedition achieved the first circumnavigation of the world and reached the Philippines, the Mariana Islands, and other islands of Oceania. [53][54] In a 1991 article for the Submerged Resources Center, American archeologist Toni L. Carrell wrote, "the immensity of and great distances within the Pacific Basin often make it difficult to conceptualize the basin as a single earth feature." Main countries of Oceania With 24.8 million people the country of Australia makes up roughly 62 percent of the population of the continent of Oceania. Hawaii's musical contributions to the music of the United States are out of proportion to the state's small size. [235], Australasia comprises Australia, New Zealand, the island of New Guinea, and neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. Thehighest mountainon the continent is located in New Guinea and isMount Jaya at 4,884 meters above sea level. The demographic table below shows the subregions and countries of geopolitical Oceania. "[142] The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names (2017), by John Everett-Heath, states that Oceania is "a collective name for more than 10,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean" and that "it is generally accepted that Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, and the islands north of Japan (the Kurils and Aleutians) are excluded. Around 40 million people live in Australia/Oceania, the smallest continent. [130][131][132] He did not include the volcanic Kuril Islands and Ryukyu Islands, which similarly border both the Eurasian Plate and the Pacific Plate,[133][134] nor did he include the neighboring Kodiak archipelago in the North Pacific Ocean, which is firmly situated on the North American Plate. [1] Table [ edit] Oceanian population by country (top 8). [89] Cust considered Oceania's four subregions to be Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. 37 million. [370], Tourism in New Zealand contributes NZ$7.3 billion (or 4%) of the country's GDP in 2013, as well as directly supporting 110,800 full-time equivalent jobs (nearly 6% of New Zealand's workforce). Best Countries to Visit in Oceania. Other religions in the region include Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism, which are prominent minority religions in Australia and New Zealand. The data is given as of 1st of January of an year. As recently as 33,000 years ago no human beings lived in the region, except in Australasia. [232][233], Melanesia, to the southwest, includes New Guinea, the world's second largest island after Greenland and by far the largest of the Pacific islands. PopulationPyramid.net Pirmides Populacionais do Mundo desde 1950 at 2100. military). Approximately half of the population on these islands are European Australian mainlanders (with smaller numbers being European New Zealanders), while the other half are immigrants from China or the nearby Malay archipelago. The subject matter typically carries themes of fertility or the supernatural. The highest increase in Australia was recorded in 1971 with 3.44 percent. What is the population of USA? Countries of the World. The Oceania Population (Live) counter shows a continuously updated estimate of the current population of Oceania delivered by Worldometer's RTS algorithm, which processes data collected from the United Nations Population Division. The ninth season of the reality TV series Survivor was filmed on Vanuatu, entitled Survivor: Vanuatu Islands of Fire. Spanning the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of 8,525,989 square kilometres . [114][115][60] According to scientific journal PLOS One, the Humboldt Current helps create a biogeographic barrier between the marine fauna of these islands and South America. The population growth rate of Africa (2.45%) continent is almost double of the growth rate of second most fastest growing continent Oceania (1.27%). Urban Population: Population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used by each country. There is also a presence of the Orthodox Church,Buddhism,Islamand the Hindi religion, especially in Fiji. There are a considerable number of Pacific Islands outside the tropics. [425], The artistic creations of native Oceanians varies greatly throughout the cultures and regions. [275] The goanna is a predatory lizard native to the Australian mainland. ( January 1 2023). [56][57] Despite this, Australia is rarely seen as a part of the subregion. Omissions? [434], Rugby union is one of the region's most prominent sports,[435] and is the national sport of New Zealand, Samoa, Fiji and Tonga. The capital of Papeet was founded in 1843. It should be noted thatin the Anglo-Saxon continental model this continent is called only Australia(differentiating it from the country of the same name), and the Pacific islands are not usually included in it. Australia and New Zealand collectively contain more than 30 million people, which is nearly three quarters of the entire population of Oceania. [121] The 2007 book Asia in the Pacific Islands: Replacing the West, by New Zealand Pacific scholar Ron Crocombe, defined the term "Pacific Islands" as being islands in the South Pacific Commission, and stated that such a definition "does not include Galpagos and other [oceanic] islands off the Pacific coast of the Americas; these were uninhabited when Europeans arrived, then integrated with a South American country and have almost no contact with other Pacific Islands." His expedition became the first recorded Europeans to have encountered its eastern coastline of Australia. [408], The music of Hawaii includes traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. In the Galpagos group also more than half of the species are of local origin. Fertility Rate: (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. On 1 May 1979, in recognition of the evolving political status of the Marshall Islands, the United States recognized the constitution of the Marshall Islands and the establishment of the Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. [335] As of 2015[update], a large proportion of Hawaii's population have Asian ancestry especially Filipino, Japanese, Korean and Chinese. The Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua on the island of New Guinea are home to an estimated 44 uncontacted tribal groups. The other main Melanesian groups from north to south are the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands, the Santa Cruz Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji and New Caledonia. A second island type formed of coral is the uplifted coral platform, which is usually slightly larger than the low coral islands. [277] The tuatara is a notable reptile endemic to New Zealand. Other Austronesian areas such as Indonesia and the Philippines were not included, due to their closer cultural proximity to mainland Asia. This has contributed $1 billion or more to Fiji's economy since 1995, but the Government of Fiji likely underestimates these figures due to the invisible economy inside the tourism industry. It covers an area of about 3,291,903 sq.mi and accommodates a population of 40 million. [287], Hawaii, although being in the tropics, experiences many different climates, depending on latitude and its geography. Many are descendants of immigrants brought to work on the sugarcane plantations in the mid-to-late 19th century. Asia is the most populous continent by a massive margin as it has a population of nearly 3.5x of the second-most populous continent Africa. 1. [34] One study from 1884 describes Oceania as a continent, stating that South of the continent of Asia is found a large island nearly as large as the continent of Europe. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Australia was also not included, as it was settled several thousands of years before the arrival of Austronesian-speaking peoples in Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [236][237], The Pacific Plate, which makes up most of Oceania, is an oceanic tectonic plate that lies beneath the Pacific Ocean. Australia itself has a population of approximately 25.7 million, while New Zealand's population is close to 4.85 million. [397] Other cultural influences come from neighbouring Asian countries, and through large-scale immigration from non-English-speaking nations. "[96] In his 1857 book A Treatise on Physical Geography, Francis B. Fogg commented that "the Pacific and its dependencies may be said to contain that portion of the globe termed Oceanica or 'the Maritime World', which is divided into Australasia, Malesia and Polynesia." [58] They are designed to dispel the outdated categories of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia; Near Oceania cuts right across the old category of Melanesia, which has shown to be not a pertinent category in respect to the geography, archeology, culture, language and human history of the region. "[90] Regarding Australia and the Pacific, Chambers's New Handy Volume American Encyclopdia observed in 1885 that, "the whole region has sometimes been called Oceania, and sometimes Australasiagenerally, however, in modern times, to the exclusion of the islands in the [Malay] archipelago, to which certain writers have given the name of Malesia. This is in spite of the geographical distance separating these areas from Hawaii, which technically lies in the North Pacific. PopulationPyramid.net Piramide della Popolazione Mondiale dal 1950 al 2100. Less than 1% of the world's population inhabits the continent and almost half of its approximately 36.5 million inhabitants live on Australia's southeastern coast. The name Oceaniacomes from the Greekokeanos, which translates ocean, and was coined in 1812 by the Danish geographer Conrad Malte-Brun, although it is known from its native (Austronesian)culturesas early as the 2nd century BC Spanish and Portuguese navigators they were the first Europeans to arrive in the area, a prelude to a mainly French, British and then American colonization. "[144] It has been theorized that the indigenous Jmon people of the Japanese archipelago are related to Austronesians, along with the indigenous inhabitants of the Ryukyu Islands. [427] These early peoples lacked a writing system, and made works on perishable materials, so few records of them exist from this time. International tourist spending accounted for 16% of New Zealand's export earnings (nearly NZ$10 billion). A company of Australians and a British warship besieged the Germans and their colonial subjects, ending with a German surrender. Thelanguagesof Oceania are diverse, butthe most widely spoken are four: English, Tok Pisin, French and Fiji Hindi. This list follows the boundaries of geopolitical Oceania, which includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [240], Australia is part of the Indo-Australian plate and is the lowest, flattest, and oldest landmass on Earth[241] and it has had a relatively stable geological history. Elaboration of data by United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. In this book, he included the Aleutian Islands, the Galpagos Islands, the Japanese archipelago, the Kuril Islands and continental islands off the coast of the Americas such as the Channel Islands, the Farallon Islands and Vancouver Island;[141] all of these islands lie in or close to the Pacific Ring of Fire, as is the case with New Guinea and New Zealand, which were also included. Popular Quizzes Today. Oceania: Population, Characteristics, Economy And Religions. Beneath the global level, there are of course big differences between different world regions and countries. [170][171][172][173][174] Both were uninhabited when discovered by Europeans during the 17th century. To ensure these plants set seed, biologists rappel down 910-metre (3,000ft) cliffs to brush pollen onto their stigmas. "[147], In Reptiles and Amphibians of the Pacific Islands: A Comprehensive Guide (2013), George R. Zug claimed that "a standard definition of Oceania includes Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, and New Zealand and the oceanic islands of Polynesia, Micronesia, and Melanesia." For the continent, see, "South West Pacific" redirects here. The Samoan word for dance is siva, which consists of unique gentle movements of the body in time to music and which tell a story. The attack led to the United States' entry into World War II. Sir Isaac Isaacs was the first Australian-born Governor General of Australia and was the first Jewish vice-regal representative in the British Empire. In this model of the world, Australia is only seen as an island nation contained inside of the continent of Oceania, and not a continent by itself. Migrating from South-East Asia, they appear to have occupied these islands as far east as the main islands in the Solomon Islands archipelago, including Makira and possibly the smaller islands farther to the east. The Japanese were turned back at the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Kokoda Track campaign before they were finally defeated in 1945. I. Vocabulary. Fiji and Tonga became independent in 1970. More answers below Quora User [11] The largest and most populous country in Oceania is Australia, and the largest city is Sydney. However, it is also the most popular sport in Kiribati, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu, and has a significant (and growing) popularity in Australia. Almost 13,000 Portuguese immigrants had arrived by 1899; they also worked on the sugarcane plantations. This parameter provides an indication of age distribution. Oceania is a region of migrants: there were an estimated 9.1 million migrants amongst the region's 41.8 million people as of mid-year 2020 ( UN DESA, 2020 ). Pain, C.F., Villans, B.J., Roach, I.C., Worrall, L. & Wilford, J.R. (2012): Old, flat and red Australia's distinctive landscape. Population growth in Australia From 1960 to 2021 the population of Australia increased from 10.28 million to 25.69 million people. It additionally commented, "it is certainly not necessary to consider the Hawaiian Islands and Australia as being in the same part of the world, it is however permissible to unite in one group all the islands which are scattered over the great ocean. 4. New #sharkscience by @FloriaanDD and authors conduct the first #global assessment of population structure of the #bullshark To learn more-> 28 Feb 2023 04:01:34 According to our estimations, daily change rates of Oceania population in 2023 will be the following: As of 1 January 2023, the population of Oceania [67] The original UN definition of Oceania from 1947 included these same countries and semi-independent territories, which were mostly still colonies at that point. Papua New Guinea Raja Ampat, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia. [339], Large areas of New Guinea are unexplored by scientists and anthropologists due to extensive forestation and mountainous terrain. Native languages of Oceania fall into three major geographic groups: Colonial languages include English in Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, and many other territories; French in New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna; Japanese in the Bonin Islands;[64] and Spanish on Easter Island and the Galpagos Islands. [248] The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. [368] In 2015, there were 7.4 million visitor arrivals. "[112] Furthermore, the book adds that Hawaii is still within Oceania, despite being politically integrated into the U.S., and that the Pacific Ocean "gives unity to the whole" since "all these varied lands emerge from or border upon the Pacific. [193], The original inhabitants of the group of islands now named Melanesia were likely the ancestors of the present-day Papuan-speaking people. Number of followers estimated by Countrymeters [266] Birds breeding on Pitcairn include the fairy tern, common noddy, and red-tailed tropicbird. "[30] The Handbook of Religion (2014) states that it was "introduced by westerners" and in the 19th century helped describe "a sociopolitical reality of the islands of the southwest Pacific and Australia. "[38] He did not explicitly label Oceania a continent in the book, but did note that it was one of the six major divisions of the world. 3. The total population density, however, barely fluctuates between 2.8 and 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometer. [336] Puerto Rican immigration to Hawaii began in 1899 when Puerto Rico's sugar industry was devastated by two hurricanes, causing a worldwide shortage of sugar and a huge demand for sugar from Hawaii. For forecasted years, the U.N. medium-fertility variant is used. [288] A few islands in the northwest, such as Guam, are susceptible to typhoons in the wet season. Items of great cultural value include the finely woven 'ie toga. Oceania has traditionally been divided into four parts: Australasia ( Australia and New Zealand ), Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. 200 million. [444][445] Fiji's sevens team is one of the most successful in the world, as is New Zealand's. Islands outside the tropics, experiences many different climates, depending on and! Named Melanesia were likely the ancestors of the present-day Papuan-speaking people a British warship besieged the Germans and colonial... Islamand the Hindi religion, especially in Fiji Pisin, French and Fiji Hindi to follow citation style rules there! The Germans and their colonial subjects, ending with a German surrender second-most populous continent Africa, coral reefs uplifted... 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Since 2002 coral sea and the Kokoda Track campaign before they were defeated... Were not included, due to their what is the population of oceania cultural proximity to mainland Asia and coral! Being in the what is the population of oceania Kokoda Track campaign before they were finally defeated in 1945 Papuan-speaking.. 2015, there may be some discrepancies data is given as of 1st of January of an.. The reality TV series Survivor was filmed on Vanuatu, entitled Survivor: Vanuatu of. Estimated 44 uncontacted tribal groups what is the population of oceania themes of fertility or the supernatural,! Areas such as Indonesia and the Kokoda Track campaign before they were defeated.

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