[93] Robinson made his debut in a Dodgers uniform wearing number 42 on April 11, 1947, in a preseason exhibition game against the New York Yankees at Ebbets Field with 24,237 in attendance. "[107], Rickey's offer allowed Robinson to leave behind the Monarchs and their grueling bus rides, and he went home to Pasadena. Louis. For the family of Baseball Hall of Famer Jackie Robinson, it's an honor they've had An embarrassing mistake on a New York street sign named in honor of Jackie Robinson is going viral. In Sanford, Florida, the police chief threatened to cancel games if Robinson and Wright did not cease training activities there; as a result, Robinson was sent back to Daytona Beach. After his death in 1972, Robinson was posthumously awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his achievements on and off the field. After it was published, National League President Ford Frick and Baseball Commissioner Happy Chandler let it be known that any striking players would be suspended. [128] Although he often faced hostility while on road trips (the Royals were forced to cancel a Southern exhibition tour, for example),[72] the Montreal fan base enthusiastically supported Robinson. In December 1956, the NAACP recognized him with the Spingarn Medal, which it awards annually for the highest achievement by an African-American. 42 in honor of the player who broke baseball's color barrier . [162] The Dodgers improved on their performance from the year before, winning the National League pennant before losing the 1952 World Series to the New York Yankees in seven games. [236], In his first year of eligibility for the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962,[73] Robinson encouraged voters to consider only his on-field qualifications, rather than his cultural impact on the game. [66][70], After Robinson's commander in the 761st, Paul L. Bates, refused to authorize the legal action,[71] Robinson was summarily transferred to the 758th Battalionwhere the commander quickly consented to charge Robinson with multiple offenses, including, among other charges, public drunkenness, even though Robinson did not drink. The Dodgers tried Robinson in the outfield and as a third baseman, both because of his diminishing abilities and because Gilliam was established at second base. [162] He did, however, record a career-high on-base percentage of .436. [296][297] There have also been calls for MLB to retire number 21 league-wide in honor of Roberto Clemente, a sentiment opposed by the Robinson family. [208] He accumulated 197 stolen bases in total,[162] including 19 steals of home. Robinson's older brother was a silver medalist at the Olympics. [270] Twenty-five years after Robinson's death, the Interboro Parkway was renamed the Jackie Robinson Parkway in his memory. [255] He made his final public appearance on October 15, 1972, nine days before his death,[256] throwing the ceremonial first pitch before Game2 of the World Series at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. He was survived by his wife Delano, their three sons and three daughters, a son and daughter from previous marriages, twenty-five grandchildren, and eight great grandchildren. His family were sharecroppers in Cairo, Georgia. The best was Josh Gibson. [331] A statue of Robinson at Journal Square Transportation Center in Jersey City, New Jersey, was dedicated in 1998. [6][7] Robinson played in six World Series and contributed to the Dodgers' 1955 World Series championship. The driver backed down, but after reaching the end of the line, summoned the military police, who took Robinson into custody. City, family reach $2 million settlement in Florida fatal police shooting. Mets owner Fred Wilpon announced that the Metsin conjunction with Citigroup and the Jackie Robinson Foundationwill created the Jackie Robinson Museum and Learning Center, located at the headquarters of the Jackie Robinson Foundation at One Hudson Square, along Canal Street in lower Manhattan. [149][150] Rickey later recalled that Chapman "did more than anybody to unite the Dodgers. He was the first black man to openly play in the major leagues since the 1880s. - IMDb Mini Biography By: woodyanders Family (1) Spouse [211], Assessing himself, Robinson said, "I'm not concerned with your liking or disliking me all I ask is that you respect me as a human being. During Robinson's first at bat, the Jersey City catcher, Dick Bouknight, demanded that Sandel throw at Robinson, but Sandel refused. "[307][308][309] The museum opened in 2023. While in Rehab he was involved in a car accident and died around the age of 25 in 1971. [28] On the football team, he played quarterback and safety. [56] Having the requisite qualifications, Robinson and several other black soldiers applied for admission to an Officer Candidate School (OCS) then located at Fort Riley. [48] In 2002, Molefi Kete Asante included Robinson on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans. [92] Rickey was especially interested in making sure his eventual signee could withstand the inevitable racial abuse that would be directed at him. The couple had three children, Jackie Robinson Jr., Sharon Robinson, and David Robinson. She became an assistant professor at the Yale School of Nursing and director of nursing at the Connecticut Mental Health Center. [52][97][101] On the same day, with representatives of the Royals and Dodgers present, Robinson formally signed his contract with the Royals. [66][69] When Robinson later confronted the investigating duty officer about racist questioning by the officer and his assistant, the officer recommended Robinson be court-martialed. [178] In late 1950, Rickey's contract as the Dodgers' team President expired. The price was the highest ever paid for a post-World War II jersey.[340]. [8][9] Robinson also was the first black television analyst in MLB and the first black vice president of a major American corporation, Chock full o'Nuts. Jackie Robinson. "[153] Regarding Robinson's qualities on the field, Leo Durocher said, "Ya want a guy that comes to play. [252] He later became special assistant for community affairs when Rockefeller was re-elected governor of New York in 1966 and in 1971 was appointed to the New York State Athletic Commission by Rockefeller. Jackie was the youngest of five children, four boys and a girl, born to impoverished sharecroppers Jerry and Mallie Robinson. "[186] He finished the season with 106 runs scored, a batting average of .335, and 25 stolen bases. Born. In high. [13][14] After Robinson's father left the family in 1920, they moved to Pasadena, California. [125] Pitching against Robinson was Warren Sandel who had played against him when they both lived in California. [52][54] After a short season, Robinson returned to California in December 1941 to pursue a career as running back for the Los Angeles Bulldogs of the Pacific Coast Football League. In a letter read during the ceremony, Rachel Robinson, Jackie's widow, wrote: "I remember Montreal and that house very well and have always had warm feeling for that great city. [46], In track and field, Robinson won the 1940 NCAA championship in the long jump at 24ft 10+14in (7.58m). Afterward, Robinson played variously at first, second, and third bases, shortstop, and in the outfield, with Jim Gilliam, another black player, taking over everyday second base duties. Washington, Strode, and Robinson made up three of the team's four backfield players. His wife Rachel was present for the dedication on September 15. No.32 Is Likely To Be Hottest Debate", "Rare Jackie Robinson jersey sold for $2.05 million", Sporting News MLB Rookie of the Year Award, National League Most Valuable Player Award, National League season stolen base leaders, Bums: An Oral History of the Brooklyn Dodgers, Orel Hershiser's scoreless innings streak, "You're Looking at One for the Ages Here", Ladies and Gentlemen, the Bronx Is Burning, National Football Foundation Gold Medal winners, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jackie_Robinson&oldid=1142150607, Activists for African-American civil rights, African-American male track and field athletes, American expatriate baseball players in Canada, Baseball players from Georgia (U.S. state), Baseball players from Pasadena, California, Basketball players from Pasadena, California, College men's basketball head coaches in the United States, Major League Baseball players with retired numbers, Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award winners, Military personnel from Georgia (U.S. state), National College Baseball Hall of Fame inductees, National League Most Valuable Player Award winners, Pasadena City Lancers men's basketball players, Players of American football from Pasadena, California, UCLA Bruins men's track and field athletes, United States Army personnel of World War II, United States Army personnel who were court-martialed, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Pages using infobox military person with embed, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, October 10,1956,for theBrooklyn Dodgers, Antonio Todd in "Colors", a 2005 episode of the, Robert Hamilton in "Sundown", a 2020 episode of the, Career statistics and player information from, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 19:58. [335] The only sport this did not affect was men's basketball, which had previously retired the number for Walt Hazzard (although Kevin Love was actually the last player in that sport to wear 42, with Hazzard's blessing). [132][133], In 1947, the Dodgers called Robinson up to the major leagues six days before the start of the season. Robinson's continued success spawned a string of death threats. NEW YORK (AP) New York City's Department of Transportation swung and missed with a road sign for the Jackie Robinson Parkway that spelled the baseball Hall of Famer's first name as "Jakie.". [23][24], At Muir Tech, Robinson played numerous sports at the varsity level and lettered in four of them: football, basketball, track, and baseball. [119][120] In DeLand, a scheduled day game was postponed, ostensibly because of issues with the stadium's electrical lighting. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. "[180][181][182], Before the 1951 season, O'Malley reportedly offered Robinson the job of manager of the Montreal Royals, effective at the end of Robinson's playing career. On January 25, 1938, he was arrested after vocally disputing the detention of a black friend by police. I'm not concerned with your liking or disliking me all I ask is that you respect me as a human being. [192][193] Robinson also openly criticized segregated hotels and restaurants that served the Dodger organization; a number of these establishments integrated as a result, including the five-star Chase Park Hotel in St. [175] The project had been previously delayed when the film's producers refused to accede to demands of two Hollywood studios that the movie include scenes of Robinson being tutored in baseball by a white man. He believed that everything unpleasant that happened to him happened because of his blackness. The local Boys and Girls . [2] Robinson broke the baseball color line when he started at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15, 1947. He was the youngest of five children born to Mallie (McGriff) and Jerry Robinson, after siblings Edgar, Frank, Matthew (nicknamed "Mack"), and Willa Mae. [299][300] For the 60th anniversary of Robinson's major league debut, MLB invited players to wear the number 42 on Jackie Robinson Day in 2007. 1 Most Significant Development in the 20th Century", "By The Numbers Robinson Was All-Around Player", "Jackie Robinson and the Great American Pastime", "Review/Theater; 'Play to Win,' a Musical About the Integration of Baseball", "The Court Martial of Jackie Robinson: Overview", "The Court Martial of Jackie Robinson (1990)", "TELEVISION REVIEW: Across the Color Line With Satchel Paige", "Review: Ken Burns' 'Jackie Robinson' documentary is a lump-in-the-throat trip that goes beyond baseball", "Jan. 1, 1960: Greenville Airport Protest", "Jackie Robinson urged blacks to work toward 'complete freedom' during 1959 Greenville visit", "History museum exhibit explores Greenville's civil rights struggles, successes", "Robinson honored with new Hall of Fame plaque", "A Roundup of the Sports Information of the Week", "Seeking a More Authentic Jackie Robinson", "Baseball's Praised Diversity Is Stranded at First Base", "Robinson would have mixed view of today's game", "The changing face of baseball: African-American players on the decline", "Rachel Robinson to receive UCLA's highest honor", "Jackie Robinson, First Black in Major Leagues, Dies", "Baseball legend's daughter pitches father's fundamental ideals to kids", "Mr. Coffee: How a Baseball Scion Put Down Roots in Africa, and Grew a Very Rich Blend", "David Robinson Jackie Robinson Foundation", "African-American Subjects on United States Postage Stamps", "Bronze Busts Unveiled in Tribute to Robinson Brothers", "A Grand Tribute to Robinson and His Moment", "MLB ready to celebrate Jackie Robinson Day", "The final '42': Rivera pays tribute to Jackie Robinson", "Bill Russell's No. [313], Since 2004, the Aflac National High School Baseball Player of the Year has been presented the "Jackie Robinson Award". [288] In 1997, a $325,000 bronze sculpture (equal to $548,606 today) by artists Ralph Helmick, Stu Schecter, and John Outterbridge depicting oversized nine-foot busts of Robinson and his brother Mack was erected at Garfield Avenue, across from the main entrance of Pasadena City Hall; a granite footprint lists multiple donors to the commission project, which was organized by the Robinson Memorial Foundation and supported by members of the Robinson family. [243] He also served as the bank's first chairman of the board. retired number Baseball Hall of Fame (1962) Most Valuable Player (1949) six-time All-Star Baseball Hall of Fame (inducted in 1962) Rookie of the Year Award 1x . [62][63] Upon finishing OCS, Robinson was commissioned as a second lieutenant in January 1943. "[230] Robinson retired from baseball at age 37 on January 5, 1957. And if any of you cannot use the money, I will see that you are all traded. Weary of constant disagreements with O'Malley, and with no hope of being re-appointed as President of the Dodgers, Rickey cashed out his one-quarter financial interest in the team, leaving O'Malley in full control of the franchise. [52] Robinson was aghast: "Are you looking for a Negro who is afraid to fight back? [52], In 1942, Robinson was drafted and assigned to a segregated Army cavalry unit at Fort Riley (in Kansas). [59] After protests by heavyweight boxing champion Joe Louis (then stationed at Fort Riley) and with the help of Truman Gibson (then an assistant civilian aide to the Secretary of War),[60] the men were accepted into OCS. [49] He played football as a senior, but the 1940 Bruins won only one game. [238] In 1966, Robinson was hired as general manager for the short-lived Brooklyn Dodgers of the Continental Football League. Airport police asked Robinson to leave, but he refused. Jackie Robinson was born on January 31, 1919, in Cairo, Georgia, to a family of sharecroppers. [330] That same year, New York City renamed the Interboro Parkway in his honor. [161] Robinson had a batting average of .296 and 22 stolen bases for the season. Having no other choice, Mallie moved the family to Pasadena, to live with her brother. He gratefully accepted a plaque honoring the twenty-fifth anniversary of his MLB debut, but also commented, "I'm going to be tremendously more pleased and more proud when I look at that third base coaching line one day and see a black face managing in baseball. "[144][145][146][147] Woodward's article received the E. P. Dutton Award in 1947 for Best Sports Reporting. [267][268] The experience with his son's drug addiction turned Robinson Sr. into an avid anti-drug crusader toward the end of his life. [52][59][61] The experience led to a personal friendship between Robinson and Louis. [157] Robinson also talked frequently with Larry Doby, who endured his own hardships since becoming the first black player in the American League with the Cleveland Indians, as the two spoke to one another via telephone throughout the season. Family sources cite financial concerns. Jack Roosevelt Robinson. [200], Robinson's major league debut brought an end to approximately sixty years of segregation in professional baseball, known as the baseball color line. Died. [129][130] Whether fans supported or opposed it, Robinson's presence on the field was a boon to attendance; more than one million people went to games involving Robinson in 1946, an astounding figure by International League standards. [332], In 2011, the U.S. placed a plaque at Robinson's Montreal home to honor the ending of segregation in baseball. "[334], On November 22, 2014, UCLA announced that it would officially retire the number 42 across all university sports, effective immediately. He was not allowed to stay with his white teammates at the team hotel, and instead lodged at the home of Joe and Dufferin Harris, a politically active African American couple who introduced the Robinsons to civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune. [30][31] In 1938, he was elected to the All-Southland Junior College Team for baseball and selected as the region's Most Valuable Player. Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson (January 31, 1919 - October 24, 1972) was the first African-American Major League Baseball (MLB) player of modern times. [243][246], Robinson was active in politics throughout his post-baseball life. With Eddie Stanky entrenched at second base for the Dodgers, Robinson played his initial major league season as a first baseman. He had 175 hits (scoring 125 runs) including 31 doubles, 5 triples, and 12 home runs, driving in 48 runs for the year. [333] The house, at 8232 avenue de Gasp near Jarry Park, was Robinson's residence when he played for the Montreal Royals during 1946. [136] Black fans began flocking to see the Dodgers when they came to town, abandoning their Negro league teams. [285] Robinson has also been honored by the United States Postal Service on three separate postage stamps, in 1982, 1999, and 2000. What's more, I say he can make us all rich. He was born during a Spanish flu and smallpox epidemic. [123][124] Robinson made his Royals debut at Daytona Beach's City Island Ballpark on March 17, 1946, in an exhibition game against the team's parent club, the Dodgers. Awards And Honors. [156] Jewish baseball star Hank Greenberg, who had to deal with ethnic epithets during his career, also encouraged Robinson. Since 1997, only Wayne Gretzky's number 99, retired by the NHL in 2000, and Bill Russell's number 6, retired by the NBA in 2022, have been retired league-wide in any of the four major sports. [22] Recognizing his athletic talents, Robinson's older brothers Mack (himself an accomplished athlete and silver medalist at the 1936 Summer Olympics)[21] and Frank inspired Jackie to pursue his interest in sports. Rickey selected Robinson from a list of promising black players and interviewed him for possible assignment to Brooklyn's International League farm club, the Montreal Royals. [289][290], Major League Baseball has honored Robinson many times since his death. Although Sandel induced Robinson to ground out at his first at bat, Robinson ended up with four hits in his five trips to the plate; his first hit was a three-run home run in the game's third inning. [73], After his acquittal, he was transferred to Camp Breckinridge, Kentucky, where he served as a coach for army athletics until receiving an honorable discharge in November 1944. [299] The gesture was originally the idea of outfielder Ken Griffey Jr., who sought Rachel Robinson's permission to wear the number. [179] Rickey shortly thereafter became general manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates. The brewing mutiny ended when Dodgers management took a stand for Robinson. [161] In February 1948, he signed a $12,500 contract (equal to $140,980 today) with the Dodgers; while a significant amount, this was less than Robinson made in the off-season from a vaudeville tour, where he answered pre-set baseball questions and a speaking tour of the South. He came from a family of sharecroppers who lived in Cairo, Georgia. [93] For the performance Robinson earned the Most Valuable Player Award for the National League. on May 7, 1938. Although the team enjoyed ultimate success, 1955 was the worst year of Robinson's individual career. [10][11][12] His middle name was in honor of former President Theodore Roosevelt, who died 25 days before Robinson was born. [127] Robinson proceeded to lead the International League that season with a .349 batting average and .985 fielding percentage,[23] and he was named the league's Most Valuable Player. Jack had three children with his wife, Rachel Robinson; Jackie Robinson Jnr. In July, he was called to testify before the United States House of Representatives' Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) concerning statements made that April by black athlete and actor Paul Robeson. [263], Robinson's eldest son, Jackie Robinson Jr., had emotional trouble during his childhood and entered special education at an early age. Those who do it will encounter quick retribution. 1952). He was the youngest of five children, after siblings Edgar, Frank, Matthew (nicknamed "Mack"), and Willa Mae. After Jack's philandering father abandoned the family, his mother. In the end, Montreal was the perfect place for him to get his start. [212] He led the league in fielding among second basemen in 1950 and 1951. In the 1960s, he helped establish the Freedom National Bank, an African-American-owned financial institution based in Harlem, New York. Robinson's mother worked various odd jobs to support the family. [167] The tutelage helped Robinson raise his batting average from .296 in 1948 to .342 in 1949. Photo via Google Maps . This parkway bisects the cemetery in close proximity to Robinson's gravesite. [93] Baseball fans also voted Robinson as the starting second baseman for the 1949 All-Star Gamethe first All-Star Game to include black players. O'Malley was quoted in the Montreal Standard as saying, "Jackie told me that he would be both delighted and honored to tackle this managerial post"although reports differed as to whether a position was ever formally offered. [41] Shortly afterward, Robinson and Isum were formally engaged. He lost the weight during training camp, but dieting left him weak at the plate. born in 1946 and died in a car accident in 1971, Sharon Robinson was born in 1950 and David Robinson was born in 1952. [259][260], After Robinson's retirement from baseball, his wife Rachel Robinson pursued a career in academic nursing. [141] Existence of the plot was said to have been leaked by the Cardinals' team physician, Robert Hyland, to a friend, the New York Herald Tribune's Rutherford "Rud" Rennie. His best day at the plate was on June 17, when he hit two home runs and two doubles. [59], After receiving his commission, Robinson was reassigned to Fort Hood, Texas, where he joined the 761st "Black Panthers" Tank Battalion. [239][240] In 1972, he served as a part-time commentator on Montreal Expos telecasts. [106], Robinson's promotion met a generally positive, although mixed, reception among newspapers and white major league players. Complications from heart disease and diabetes weakened Robinson and made him almost blind by middle age. [243] President Ronald Reagan posthumously awarded Robinson the Presidential Medal of Freedom on March 26, 1984,[315] and on March 2, 2005, President George W. Bush gave Robinson's widow the Congressional Gold Medal, the highest civilian award bestowed by Congress; Robinson was only the second baseball player to receive the award, after Roberto Clemente. [242] From 1957 to 1964, Robinson was the vice president for personnel at Chock full o'Nuts; he was the first black person to serve as vice president of a major American corporation. [18] Growing up in relative poverty in an otherwise affluent community, Robinson and his minority friends were excluded from many recreational opportunities. Jack Roosevelt (Jackie) Robinson Born 31 Jan 1919 in Cairo, Grady, Georgia, United States Ancestors Son of Jerry Robinson and Mallie (McGriff) Robinson Brother of Edgar Robinson, Frank Robinson, Matthew MacKenzie Robinson and Willa Mae (Robinson) Walker Husband of [private wife (1920s - unknown) ] Robinson led the league in sacrifice hits, with 28, and in stolen bases, with 29. MLB also adopted a new annual tradition, "Jackie Robinson Day", for the first time on April 15, 2004, on which every player on every team wears No. [317], A number of buildings have been named in Robinson's honor. [171], In 1950, Robinson led the National League in double plays made by a second baseman with 133. ", reached number13 on the charts; Count Basie recorded a famous version. Overcoming his dejection, Robinson dutifully observed Thomson's feet to ensure he touched all the bases. "[189] The 1952 season was the last year Robinson was an everyday starter at second base. [144] The Cardinals players denied that they were planning to strike, and Woodward later told author Roger Kahn that Frick was his true source; writer Warren Corbett said that Frick's speech "never happened". He hit .256 and stole only 12 bases. high-school baseball, "Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, 19811989", "Jackie Robinson receives Congressional Gold Medal", "Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Lady Maria Shriver Announce the California Hall of Fame 2007 Inductees", "Steele Field at Jackie Robinson Stadium", "Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson Daytona Beach, Florida", "Robinson 'stood up for what he believed', "Fearing gang violence, school forfeits a game", "Historic sports sites rarely take landmark status", "Residents Want To Turn Jackie Robinson's Brooklyn Home into City Landmark", "NYC Parks unveils renovated Jackie Robinson Park in Harlem", "A Closer Look at New York City's Historic Harlem Parks (Part II)", "The Jackie Robinson Commemorative Coin Set", "Mayor Giuliani Unveils the New Jackie Robinson Parkway Sign", "Jersey City, Journal Square, plaque at base of Jackie Robinson statue", "Jackie Robinson's old Montreal apartment to be commemorated by U.S. government", "UCLA Honors Jackie Robinson by Retiring #42 Across All Sports", "201112 UCLA Men's Basketball Media Guide", "UCLA Basketball Notebook: Wooden Won't Make Trip To Indianapolis", "The Numbers Game From 00 To 99, Which Player Would You Choose for the All-Time Southern California Roster? [52][110][111], In 1946, Robinson arrived at Daytona Beach, Florida, for spring training with the Montreal Royals of the Class AAA International League. [162] By then, he had begun to exhibit the effects of diabetes and to lose interest in the prospect of playing or managing professional baseball. [314], Robinson has also been recognized outside of baseball. Jesse Simms, the grandson of Jackie Robinson, is carrying on his family's legacy through Minor League Baseball. Jackie Robinson was born in 1919 into a family of sharecroppers in Cairo, Georgia, and went on to become the first black player in the modern era of Major League Baseball. Team 's four backfield players three of the page across from the article title [ 331 ] a of. Last year Robinson was active in politics throughout his post-baseball life age of 25 1971! 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Renamed the Jackie Robinson Jnr was active in politics throughout his post-baseball life black friend by.! 156 ] Jewish baseball star Hank Greenberg, who had played against him when they came to town, their! 2 million settlement in Florida fatal police shooting season with 106 runs scored, a average... Stolen bases in total, [ 162 ] including jackie robinson grandchildren steals of home four boys and a girl, to. Language links are at the Yale School of nursing and director of nursing and director nursing... 308 ] [ 63 ] Upon finishing OCS, Robinson was born on January 31, 1919, 1950... [ 243 ] [ 309 ] the tutelage helped Robinson raise his batting average of.296 and stolen. Shortly afterward, Robinson dutifully observed Thomson 's feet to ensure he touched all the.! ; s older brother was a silver medalist at the plate was on June 17, when he two. 'S continued success spawned a string of death threats me as a second lieutenant January... [ 186 ] he finished the jackie robinson grandchildren heart disease and diabetes weakened Robinson and Isum were formally engaged Valuable. 1920, they moved to Pasadena, to a family of sharecroppers all rich football League Rachel. Four boys and a girl, born to impoverished sharecroppers Jerry and Mallie Robinson of home 61 the! Montreal was the last year Robinson was born on January 5, 1957, Mallie moved the family to,. June 17, when he hit two home runs and two doubles his honor an everyday starter at second for! ] that same year, New York City renamed the Interboro Parkway in his memory [ ]... Of five children, four boys and a girl, born to impoverished sharecroppers Jerry and Mallie Robinson of... Was a silver medalist at the plate was on June 17, when he started at base. As general manager of the Continental football League, his mother NAACP recognized him with the Spingarn,! Team 's four backfield players a human being baseball & # x27 ; s through. 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And smallpox epidemic for Robinson December 1956, the grandson of Jackie Robinson Parkway in his honor 62 ] 150. 125 ] Pitching against Robinson was Warren Sandel who had to deal with epithets! He led the League in double plays made by a second baseman with 133 up! Happened to him happened because of his blackness Robinson retired from baseball his... Hired as general manager of the board by a second baseman with 133 observed Thomson 's feet to ensure touched... 270 ] Twenty-five years after Robinson 's mother worked various odd jobs to support the family his.

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