The law describes femicide as a gender-based murder under any of the following seven circumstances: signs of sexual violence, previous violence, emotional connection to the perpetrator, previous threats, harassment history, victim held incommunicado prior to deprivation of life, or victims body exposure in a public place. On May 18, an exhibit in Mexico City on Israeli innovation was vandalized with anti-Semitic and anti-Israel messages. Also in June a federal judge sentenced the former mayor of Chinipas, Chihuahua, Hugo Amed Schultz Alcaraz, to eight years in prison for his role in the 2017 murder of Miroslava Breach, a prominent La Jornada newspaper correspondent who reported on organized crime and corruption. As with journalists, violence against human rights defenders is rarely investigated or prosecuted. Mariners planning travel to Mexico should check for U.S. maritime, Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. - It's been estimated that 18% of all prisoners in Mexico City have lived in Iztapalapa. In October and November, I spent several weeks in various parts of Mexico researching the evolution of crime and security policies. After denying they existed, in 2019 the Prosecutor Generals Office provided evidence of Pegasus licensing contracts in 2016 and 2017. In July Public Safety Secretary Rosa Isela Rodriguez revealed that the Felipe Calderon and Enrique Pena Nieto administrations signed 31 contracts for $61 million to buy Pegasus spy software. The National Population Council reported that in 2020 there were 373,661 pregnancies in women younger than age 19 (30 percent above 2019), of which 8,876 were in girls ages 14 or younger. Violent crime is widespread. In February the Attorney Generals Office arrested former Puebla governor Mario Marin and charged him with torturing journalist Lydia Cacho, who exposed Marin and several business leaders involvement in a child sex trafficking ring in 2005. Additionally, some indigenous students did not receive the breakfasts and lunches normally included in the full-time school meal program, according to a UNESCO study. Political parties nominated more female candidates for public office in the midterm elections than ever before, including half of their candidates for governor in the 15 races up for election. Femicide is a federal offense punishable by 40 to 70 years in prison. State and federal prosecutors are independent of the executive branch and have the final authority to investigate and prosecute security force abuses. Asocio-economic component to enablelocal populations access to legal income is important, thoughnot a replacement for good policing. Mexico is a multiparty federal republic with an elected president and bicameral legislature. U.S. Department of State - United States Department of State The governments National Protection Mechanism to Protect Journalists and Human Rights Defenders provided panic buttons, bodyguards, and temporary relocation to journalists and human rights defenders. As of October the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case had arrested more than 80 suspects, including army captain Jose Martinez Crespo, an Iguala municipal police officer, and the Iguala municipal police chief. This practice violated federal law and restricted workers rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining. But the size of the decline is just noise in the tempo of Mexicos criminal violence. Organized criminal groups reportedly continued to oversee illicit activities from within penitentiary walls, and rival drug cartel members often fought in prison. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Federal law specifically proscribes discrimination based on ethnicity, nationality, gender, age, disability, social status, health, religion, immigration status, political opinion, sexual preference, marital status, or pregnancy. The 911 hotline received 139,554 calls reporting incidents of violence against women from January to June, an increase of 6 percent over the same months in 2020. The law prohibits children younger than age 15 from working and allows those ages 15 to 17 to work no more than six daytime hours in nonhazardous conditions daily, and only with parental permission and permission from the labor authority. In March attackers shot and killed Father Gumersindo Cortes in Guanajuato. The STPS has the authority to order labor inspections at any time in the event of labor law violations, imminent risk to employees, or workplace accidents. These include high-traffic tourism areas of border and coastal communities, such asTijuana,Ensenada, andRosarito. Veracruz state Exercise Increased Caution. Since 2019 more than 60 women accused Roemer of sexual abuse, assault, and rape. The situation of agricultural workers remained particularly precarious, with similar patterns of exploitation throughout the sector. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Criminal organizations are based in and operating in Sinaloa. In June a federal judge sentenced Juan Francisco Picos Barrueto to 32 years in prison for the 2017 murder of journalist Javier Valdez Cardenas. Organized crime activity including gun battles, murder, armed robbery, carjacking, kidnapping, forced disappearances, extortion, and sexual assault is common along the northern border and in Ciudad Victoria. A 2019 study by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights documented the Mechanisms problems in coordinating protective measures, providing resources, and establishing clear procedures. The CDC's latest guidance on international travel for vaccinated people can be foundhere. In July the Mexico City congress passed a law to provide, promote, and protect LGBTQI+ human rights. In 2019, President Lpez Obrador deployed the National Guard for migration enforcement. In Guadalajara, territorial battles between criminal groups take place in tourist areas. According to the Mexican Social Security Institute, as a result of the law 2.7 million workers of the 4.6 million subcontractors moved from formal subcontracting status to a formal direct employment status. Reductions in fighting, such as in Michoacns Apatzingn or Guerreros Acapulco where I conducted fieldwork, occurs mainlybecause a particular group or criminal alliance manages to establish temporary territorial control, a narcopeace: be it Crteles Unidos in that part of theTierra Caliente,or Caro Quinteros and Los Chapitos branches of the Sinaloa Cartel in high-value extortion and drug trafficking in Acapulco. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Women and pregnant people face many barriers when trying to access abortion, even when it is legal. Stress in America 2022: Concerned for the Future, Beset by Inflation, shows a battered American psyche, facing a barrage of external stressors that are mostly out of personal control. High levels of impunity, including for killings or attacks on journalists, resulted in self-censorship and reduced freedom of expression and the press. In her more than 20 years in the industry, Dr. McEntire has become one of the most highly respected leaders in food safety . The government increased the CNB budget 8 percent over the 2020 budget. The president has collaborated with the US in abusive anti-immigration policies, including illegal expulsion of migrants and asylum seekers by plane and bus to Central America. He fled to Israel, and the government requested that the Israeli government issue an arrest warrant and extradite him. Twitter users posted threats against journalists. To various degrees, the criminal groups build political power by intimidating and bribing government officials, and obtain political capital with local populations by giving social handouts and organizing narco courts to arbitrate disputes. And from theSembrando Vidaprogram to grow fruit trees to vocational programs for youth at-risk of succumbing to criminality, these Lpez Obrador administration programs have been riddled with problems. In 2019, Human Rights Watch documented cases of state-run hospitals and private individuals who shackled people with disabilities. As of December 2020 the Prosecutor Generals Office was investigating 3,703 torture-related inquiries under the previous inquisitorial legal system (initiated prior to the 2016 transition to an accusatorial system) and 565 investigations under the accusatorial system. January. Police, the military, and criminal groups are responsible for many disappearances. FENTANYL / 15 FEB 2023 . The government says soldiers only support migration officials. The Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System reported more than 1,889 killings of women, including 672 femicides, from January to September. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) 2016 survey, 18 percent of women ages 15 and older reported having experienced physical violence at the hands of their current or most recent partner, and 6.5 percent reported having experienced sexual violence. Read the full report. In July the army provided reparations to two of the three families of persons killed in July 2020 by soldiers in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, during an encounter with suspected cartel members. Voting centers for federal elections were generally accessible for persons with disabilities, and ballots were available with a braille overlay for federal elections in Mexico City, but these services were inconsistently available for local elections elsewhere in the country. Criminal groups became increasingly involved in the illegal timber trade in Chihuahua, which accounted for 70 percent of the wood consumed in the country. Criminal activity and violence may occur throughout the state. Observers noted that it also increased the likelihood of work-related illness and injury. The most common reason to remove content was defamation, followed by privacy and security. U.S. government employees may not drive from the U.S.-Mexico border to or from the interior parts of Mexico, except daytime travel within Baja California and between Nogales and Hermosillo on Mexican Federal Highway 15D, and between Nuevo Laredo and Monterrey on Highway 85D. As of August 25, former governor of Chihuahua Cesar Duarte was awaiting an extradition decision. There were high rates of impunity for these crimes, consistent with high impunity rates for all crimes. In fact, over 30 million people visited Cancun in 2022 - and the vast majority of them come and go completely unscathed. Prosecutors continue to use arraigo detention, a mechanism allowing them to obtain judicial authorization to detain anyone for up to 40 days without charge, for interrogation. In March 2022, the most usual type of crime reported in Mexico was family violence. They lack access to justice, education, legal standing, legal capacity, protection from domestic violence, and informed consent in health decisions. Media monopolies, especially in small markets, at times constrained freedom of expression. The law criminalizes sharing, distributing, and publishing intimate sexual content (including photographs, audio, and videos) featuring individuals who have not explicitly given their consent, with penalties of up to six years in prison. A 2019 CNDH poll found six of every 10 members of the LGBTQI+ community reported experiencing discrimination in the past 12 months, and more than half suffered hate speech and physical aggression. Drug traffickers involved in illegal logging recruited and kidnapped indigenous persons and children in isolated or displaced communities, withheld their wages, forced them to conduct illicit activities, and often threatened death if they tried to leave. In June the government amended the General Law on Womens Access to a Life Free of Violence to include media and digital violence as a form of violence against women. On August 3, Ravelo died from his injuries. Transnational criminal organizations compete in the border area to establish narco-trafficking and human smuggling routes. Shooting incidents between criminal groupshave injured or killed bystanders. Nevertheless, women nationwide faced obstacles to accessing emergency services due to health providers personal objections to emergency contraception or misunderstanding of their legal obligations to provide services. Seeing them with arms and trucks gives people confidence. Well, it didnt to the local people with whom I had a chance to speak. Impunity and extremely low rates of prosecution remained a problem for all crimes, including human rights abuses and corruption. The government did not effectively enforce the law or regulations. Between January and August the CNDH recorded 123 complaints of arbitrary detention. Sandoval remained in pretrial detention as of August. In April the STPS suspended a legitimization vote at the General Motors plant in Silao, Guanajuato, due to serious irregularities during the vote. On August 7, Yucatan governor Mauricio Villa announced the arrest of four police officers, but on August 14, a judge set them free due to a lack of evidence. Federal authorities supported access to contraceptive methods, but states efforts varied widely. 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