Invertebrates (except insects), Outer Hebrides. Distribution data supplied by the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). The species is found most commonly on the lower shore and shallow subtidal but in ideal conditions may be found up to the high tide line. Habitat selection and migratory behaviour of the intertidal gastropod Littorina littorea (L.) Journal of Animal Ecology, 46, 79-92. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase: role in anoxia and freezing tolerance of the marine periwinkle Littorina littorea. ), Strong 3 to 6 knots (1.5-3 m/sec. This is likely an adaptation due to natural selection, the snails are camouflaged by their surroundings. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/hcgqsi accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-25. The shell colour ranges from grey-black-brown-red but is generally black or dark grey-brown, often lighter towards the apex, and is usually patterned with spiral darker lines. However, in deeper water the species is only found as isolated individuals in very low densities. Some populations live in estuaries where turbidity tends to be high. Plymouth Marine Fauna. During exposure to the air, feeding and locomotion are halted unless conditions are very damp. Towards a phylogeny of gastropod molluscs: an analysis using morphological characters. However, the lower limit is poorly defined and will depend on factors such as predation, latitude etc. The behaviour of Littorina littorea (L.) under natural conditions and its relation to position on the shore. Yorkshire Wildlife Trust Shoresearch. Kent Wildlife Trust Shoresearch Intertidal Survey 2004 onwards. Adults are slow crawlers so active immigration of snails is unlikely. Hayward, P.J. Size and growth rate measurements apply to shell height. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/mopwow accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. Hayward, P., Nelson-Smith, T. & Shields, C. 1996. Occurrence dataset: https://www.kentwildlifetrust.org.uk/ accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-10-01. Recolonization may occur through rafting of adults on floating wood or weed. Damaged shells may make the snail more prone to desiccation. Color: Shell is dark in color, usually brown, black, or gray. It was introduced to these waters in the mid 19th century from Western Europe and rapidly spread along the Northeast coast. Hutchinson & Co. Ltd. Newell, G. E., 1958. [3]Arter enligt World Register of Marina Species. http://www.maritimes.dfo.ca/science/hab/e/periwink.htm#top, 2000-05-17. The Proceedings and Transactions of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science, 17, 6-13. Suffolk Biodiversity Information Service (SBIS) Dataset. Size and growth rate measurements apply to shell height. Common Periwinkle (Littorina littorea)Alternate common names: Periwinkle, Winkle. RESULTS APPROACH • Individuals of Littorina littorea, L. obtusata, and L. saxatilis were collected from two study populations and acclimated for … Erlandsson, J. Young animals with spiral ridges may be confused with, A range of fine green, brown and red algae, including. If habitat type is no longer optimal then the snail population may decrease. The behaviour is explained as an adaptation to regaining their position on Fucus if dislodged. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 119, 83-265. 276.]. Centre for Environmental Data and Recording, 2018. Intersex and Littorina littorea in Cork Harbour: results of a medium-term monitoring programme. Other species deposit their embryos with gelatinous egg … the local adaptation of host defense against parasite infec-tion. Merseyside BioBank., 2018. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 37, 229-239. There are many theories regarding their presence along the North American shores. The name Littorina littorea was in common use among scientists by the 1830s-1840s, but the species was originally described by Linnaeus (1758) as Turbo littoreus. Biological survey of the intertidal chalk reefs between Folkestone Warren and Kingsdown, Kent 2009-2011. Occurrence dataset: https://www.nmni.com/CEDaR/CEDaR-Centre-for-Environmental-Data-and-Recording.aspx accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-09-25. The species is widespread and often common or abundant. Newell, G. E. & Newell, R. C., 1977. St Andrews BioBlitz 2015. The behaviour is explained as an adaptation to regaining their position on Fucus if dislodged. This probably serves two functions: obtaining more oxygen (since warmer waters have less oxygen) and avoiding predators. & Storey, K. B., 1999. Most work suggests that maturity is reached at between 10-12mm shell height. [Ulster Museum publication, no. Casey, J.D., De Grave, S. & Burnell, G.M., 1998. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2, 207-212. Accessed: 2020-12-29. information on the biology of species and the ecology of habitats found around the coasts and seas of the British Isles, Photographer: Keith Hiscock  Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock, Photographer: Judith Oakley  Copyright: Judith Oakley. OF THE INTERTIDAL GASTROPOD LITTORINA LITTOREA (L.) BY ROBERT P. GENDRON* Boston University Marine Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass., U.S.A. INTRODUCTION One of the most distinctive characteristics of rocky shores is the zonation of plants and animals (Stephenson & Stephenson 1972). Arter. & Johannesson, K., 1995. The species has been recorded alive from depth range 0 – 46 m or up to 183 m (for shells only). The information (TEXT ONLY) provided by the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN) is licensed under a, Snails, slugs, mussels, cockles, clams & squid, Conservation of Species and Habitats Regulations, Species of Principal Importance (England), Marine Evidence based Sensitivity Assessment (MarESA) (Summary), Introduction of microbial pathogens/parasites, https://www.nmni.com/CEDaR/CEDaR-Centre-for-Environmental-Data-and-Recording.aspx, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, a range of fine green, brown and red algae, including, Lower eulittoral, Mid eulittoral, Sublittoral fringe, Upper eulittoral, Bedrock, Cobbles, Gravel / shingle, Large to very large boulders, Mud, Muddy gravel, Muddy sand, Pebbles, Saltmarsh, Sandy mud, Small boulders, Moderately Strong 1 to 3 knots (0.5-1.5 m/sec. Cofnod – North Wales Environmental Information Service, 2018. Outer Hebrides Biological Recording, 2018. 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